The rules, the rules…
Always, in my Crafting a Novel college class, beginning
students are alarmed to find out there are rules to writing.
I’m not keen on rules in general. After all, I became a writer so I could thumb
my nose at reality, right? Control the
world of my fiction in a way I can’t control my real life.
All that said (and I could make a blog post out of just that
line above) there ARE rules to writing. A bunch of middle-aged guys behind a
baize door didn’t make them up for no reason (double negative – Ha! Rule-breaker, you.)
The rules are there for a reason. They’re all about
logic. Here are two that are perhaps least
understood. Let me make this clear: You don’t have to follow
them (more on that later.) But you do
need to know them first, so that you know when you are breaking them. Here goes:
Present Tense:
This isn’t a rule.
It’s more about savvy marketing. Most
novels are written in past tense. Did you ever wonder why?
The trouble with present tense is it defies logic. If what I am reading is happening NOW, then how did it get written down on this page?
The trouble with present tense is it defies logic. If what I am reading is happening NOW, then how did it get written down on this page?
Approximately 60% of people (stats from a publisher) have trouble with
this. Big trouble. I’m one of them. Our brains can’t accept it. Every time I hit a present tense verb, I’m
thrown out of the manuscript. My reading is disrupted every paragraph. Ergo, I will not read present tense books.
Some students tell me they like to write in present tense because
to them it ‘feels more immediate.’ (The classic way to do that is by increasing
tension, I subtly remind.)
Here’s what I tell students:
if you are writing your first genre novel, it might be wiser not to write it in
present tense. Publishers know that present tense reduces the potential market
because of morons like me who can’t read it.
Why put another obstacle in the way of getting published?
(Publisher story: one popular YA dystopian fantasy novel was
written and published in present tense.
The publisher instructed her to write the second book of the trilogy in
past tense.)
First Person Viewpoint Switches:
Many, many people don’t know the rules to first person
viewpoint. So here goes:
The rules of writing in first person are simple: The protagonist becomes the narrator. As a writer, you make a promise to the
reader. The person telling you the story
is telling their story to you directly. No third
party writing it. You are in her head.
I love first person.
I *become* the protagonist, when reading or writing first person. But first person has huge limitations for the
writer: the person telling the story must be in every scene. Otherwise, they won’t know what is going on
in that scene (unless you employ a second person to run back and forth, telling
the protagonist. Note the use of the
word ‘tell.’ Telling is ho-hum. You won’t want to do that often.)
If your story is in first person, you can’t be switching to
another character’s viewpoint. Ever. Nope, not even another viewpoint in first
person. Why? Because your reader thinks this: “What the
poop is happening here? The book started
in first person. The protagonist is
supposed to be telling the story. Now
someone else is telling it. What happened
to my beloved protagonist? Are the
original protagonist and writer number two sitting next to each other at
twin desks writing the story at the same time and passing it back and forth?”
In a phrase, you’ve broken your promise to the reader.
The rule is simple.
If you need to write the story in more than one viewpoint in order to
show every scene, then write the whole novel in third person. That's the advantage of third person, and why we use it. You can use multiple viewpoints.
One additional first person restriction: if your protagonist is telling the story
directly, then he can’t die at the end of the story. This should be obvious: if he died, who wrote the darn thing?
Should you break the rules?
Should you break the rules?
If you want to break the rules, have at it. You can write what you want.
That’s the delight of being an author.
But in my class, you will hear this: The rules are there for a reason. Of course you can break the rules, but if you
do, you will lose something (usually reader continuity and engagement.) It’s up to you to decide if you gain more by
breaking the rules than you lose by doing so.
BUT: If you break them in your
first novel, publishers (and savvy readers) will think you don’t KNOW the rules.
So at least go in knowing the rules. And then do what you damn well please.
Final words: Don’t publish too soon. Take the time to learn your craft. And then…be fearless.